Sunday, June 10

San Antonio: Medieval Spain

For three centuries the Visigoths ruled Spain. Yet the remnants of their legacy are minimized insubstantially to a rough-hewn country church, a few pieces of jewelry, an obscure law and a regal crown in a museum. The Visigoths did manage to erratically unify the country. This was Spain’s first attempt to unite as a nation. Building a capital on the meseta, a central plateau in the heart of the peninsula, was their greatest impact. Political power was shifted to this area. The more advanced coastal regions focused to the interior of the country for the first time.

This change did not radically transform the country. Ortega y Gasset, one of Spain’s foremost modern thinkers, blamed the nation’s problems on the Visigoths. He accused them of being weak barbarians who never achieved any unity or stability found elsewhere in Europe. Once again Spain was “different.”

The religious entanglement created in this region made it susceptible to more invasions. The Goths persecuted a large Jewish population that resided on the peninsula for centuries. This stirred a plot between the Jews and Moors. The Moors refer to a Muslim population that lived in North Africa known today as Algeria and Morocco. They succeeded after a second attempt to conquer the Iberian Peninsula. The Moors ruled Spain for almost eight hundred years. They planted new agricultural crops, such as the orange, lemon, peach, fig and pomegranate. Today, these are some of Spain’s most important products. The Moors also brought Arabian horses. These horses later developed into the Andalucían breed which were brought to the Americas.

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